Tarshish is mentioned in a prophecy in the Book of Isaiah 60:1-12. . SHIPS IN THE NEW TESTAMENT1. Thus we read: The southwesternpart of theIberianPeninsulawasenormouslyrich inminerals,andEzekielsreferencereflects a Both are now located in Lebanon, with Tyre 20 mi south of Sidon and only 12 mi north of the Israel-Lebanon border. September 22, 2018 by admin Filed under For Him. Hence we may infer that the word Tarshish was also used to signify any distant place, and in this case would be applied to one in the Indian Ocean. This seemingly rules out Spain as Tarshish and the Latin American countries as the young lions. Bochart, the 17thcentury French Protestant pastor, suggested in his Phaleg (1646) that Tarshish was the city of Tartessos in southern Spain. In the 19th century there were 400 mines in Cornwall employing 18,000 people. Legends grew up around it over time so that its identity has been the subject of scholarly research and commentary for more than two thousand years. Tarshish in the latter days must have young lions of nations that are her offspring. What country is Nineveh today? Some 19th-century commentators believed that Tarshish was Britain, including Alfred John Dunkin who claimed "Tarshish demonstrated to be Britain" (1844), George Smith (1850),[29] James Wallis and David King's The British Millennial Harbinger (1861), John Algernon Clarke (1862), and Jonathan Perkins Weethee of Ohio (1887). 9 La reine de Sba apprit la renomme de Salomon, et elle vint Jrusalem pour l'prouver par des nigmes. In 2003, Christine Marie Thompson identified the Cisjordan Corpus, a concentration of hacksilver hoards in Israel and Palestine (Cisjordan). Isaiah 23:14 Howl, you ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is laid waste! When Job compares his days to "the swift ships" ("the ships of reed" the Revised Version margin), the allusion is most likely to Egypt's, these being skiffs with a wooden keel and the rest of bulrushes, sufficient to carry one person, or at most two, and light, to travel swiftly (9:26). Reference to the minerals silver, iron, tin, and lead has been linked with Spain since extensive mining has been conducted in the mountains of south-western Spain. Again, cedar trees were brought from Lebanon by sea to Joppa, and thence conveyed to Jerusalem (Ezra 3:7).From Joppa Jonah fled to avoid compliance with God's command to go to Nineveh and preach repentance there (Jonah 1:1). The word "launch," of putting a boat or a ship into the sea, has disappeared from the Revised Version (British and American), except in Luke 8:22, where it is more appropriate to an inland lake. In the Acts of the Apostles:It is Paul's voyages which yield us the knowledge that we possess from Biblical sources of ships in New Testament times. 27:12). The developments in Turkey bear careful watch as its leader seeks to establish a more radical Sunni state and support actions to impede the Shiite ambitions of Iran. Therefore I hurried to flee to Tarshish, for I knew that you are a gracious God, and merciful, slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness, and you relent of doing harm. " (After the capture of Jerusalem the emperor Titus returned to Italy in such a vessel, touching at Rhegium and landing at Puteoil.) Of the oaks of Bashan have they made thine oars (Ezekiel 27:4-6). hast thou gathered thy company to take a prey? The Spanish Empire was a dominant world influence between the late 15th century and the early 19th century. Tarshish. The second son of Javan, Genesis 10:4. Some think there was a Tarshish in the East, on the Indian coast, seeing that " ships of Tarshish" sailed from Ezion-geber, on the Red Sea ( 1 . Today each is just a shadow of their former selves. Thy borders are in the midst of the seas, thy builders have perfected thy beauty. When Simon reared his monument over the sepulcher of his father and brothers at Modin, he set up seven pyramids with pillars, upon which were carved figures of ships to be "seen of all that sail on the sea" (1 Maccabees 13:29). Instead, the lack of evidence for wealth in Israel and Phoenicia during the reigns of Solomon and Hiram, respectively, prompted a few scholars to opine that the archaeological period in Mediterranean prehistory between 1200 and 800BC was a 'Dark Age'.[2]. A further clue is given in Ezekiel 38:13where the merchants of Tarshish aresaid to have young lions. Tarshish can refer to either Tarsis in Cilicia (Southeast Turkey) or to Tarshish (Tartessos to the Greeks) in Southwest Spain. Experts have positioned it as far away as India in the east and the far coast of Spain in the west. [4][10], The editors of the New Oxford Annotated Bible, first published in 1962, suggest that Tarshish is either Sardinia or Tartessos. Britain and America have strong ties with Arabia (Sheba and Dedan) which is linked to the last days whereas Spain has such no such links. Put is Libya. Ezekiel 38:13 Sheba, and Dedan, and the merchants of Tarshish, with all the young lions of it, shall tell you, Have you come to take the spoil? A variation on the name, Tarshishi, is found among Arabs of Lebanese descent, and likely indicates a family connection to the Lebanese village Tarshish. They have made all thy ship boards of fir trees of Senir: they have taken cedars from Lebanon to make masts for thee. "The flag proper," says Davidson (ad loc. The location inSpain is doubtful because Bible Tiras. 1 Chronicles 7:10 forms part of a genealogy mentioning in passing a Jewish man named Tarshish as a son of a certain Bilhan. Among the Hebrews:(1) In Early Times.In the early books of the Old Testament there are references connecting certain of the tribes, and these northern tribes, with the activities of the sea. I suspect based on the Apostle Paul wanting to make it to the utter most part to spread the Gospel, it's Spain. Gen 10:2 The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras. We have already noted the historical record which assumes that Tartessus was in Spain and that Tarshish was Tartessus however, it also acknowledged that tin was sourced from Cornwall as follows: Tin came primarily from Cornwall in the British Isles, and was brought back by the Phoenicians; it was combined with copper, abundant in south west Spain, to produce bronze. Herein, how far is Tarshish from Joppa? Young Lions: Either the colonies that came from the UK, namely North America or the offshoots of Spain, mainly the Latin American countries. From this cooperation in the building of the Temple there grew up a larger connection in the pursuit of sea-borne commerce. This name is spelled (Tarshishah) in 1 Chronicles 1:7, but the -ah ending may in fact stem from a locative suffix that means toward or unto, so that it could refer to the range of the sons of Javan . The same book notes it as a striking example of the case of a divine and beneficent Providence that "men entrust their lives to a little piece of wood, and passing through the surge on a raft are brought safe to land" (Wisd 14:1-5). It was the farthest limit of the western world as known to the Hebrews. Egyptian ships on the Red Sea about the time of the Exodus, from reliefs of the XIXth Dynasty, had one mast and two yards, and carried also one large square sail. That Tarshish was situated in the west is evident from . commonassociation of the metal withthe western Mediterranean. to carry away silver and gold, to take away livestock and goods, to take great spoil? The storm not abating, they were driven past the Pillars of Hercules, and at last, by some special guiding providence, reached Tartessus. 2). . The Greeks refer to the Cassiterides, or tin islands, and describe them as being situated somewhere near the west coast of Europe. The name of a place which first comes into notice in the days of Solomon. commentators have thought Tarshishwas Tartessus which appears inGreek mythical writings. The Jewish-Portuguese scholar, politician, statesman and financier Isaac Abarbanel (1437-1508 A.D.) described Tarshish as "the city known in earlier times as Carthage and today called Tunis." One possible identification for many centuries preceding the French scholar Bochart (d. Tarshish appears to be a wealthy trading community on the extremity of the Mediterranean world. General References:Of general references to shipping and seafaring life there are comparatively few in the Old Testament. The port of ancient Sidon is believed to have been . Works on the monuments like Layard, Nineveh, II, 379;; Maspero, Ancient Egypt and Assyria; Ball, Light from the East, and Reissner, Cairo Museum Catalogue, "Models of Ships and Boats," 1913, contain descriptions and figured representations which are instructive. 10:9; Ezek. [30] This idea stems from the fact that Tarshish is recorded to have been a trader in tin, silver, gold, and lead [31] which were all mined in Cornwall. I knew that you are a gracious and compassionate God, slow to anger and abounding in love, a God who relents from sending calamity" ( Jonah 4:2 ). Ezekiel 27:12. The season for navigation in those seas in ancient times was from April to October. Ships of Tarshish were no doubt ships actually built for the Tarshish trade (2 Chronicles 20:36 Jonah 1:3), but the expression became a general designation for large sea-going vessels to any quarter. For in the first place the name Eridanus is manifestly not a barbarian word at all, but a Greek name, invented by some poet or other; and secondly, though I have taken vast pains, I have never been able to get an assurance from an eye-witness that there is any sea on the further side of Europe. Already in the time of David commercial relations had been established between Israel and Tyre (2 Samuel 5:11 f). The Assyrian monuments contain representations of naval engagements and of operations on the seacoast. Tarshish was a nation that was rich in minerals and supplied the known world in the 6th century BC through the markets at the coastal city of Tyre. Tarshish was an ancient city located in modern day southern Spain, due north of Gilbratar. to carry away silver and gold, to take away cattle and goods, to take a great spoil? display: none !important; This new version melded a wealth of literary and Christian, Jewish, and Muslim traditions . Genesis 10:4 1 Chronicles 1:7. The Spanish Empire was a dominant world influence in between the late 15th century until the early 19th century. 5 Things You Should Know about the ESV Bible Translation. During the winter the vessels were laid up, or remained in the shelter of some suitable haven. In the Oracle against Tyre, the prophet Ezekiel (27:12) mentions that silver, iron, lead, and tin came to Tyre from Tarshish (Trsys). Ezekiel also, foretelling the overthrow of Egypt, speaks of messengers traveling with the news on swift Nile boats to strike terror into the hearts of the "careless Ethiopians" (30:9). This view is supported by standard Hebrew language reference books.. 8. Isaiah includes them among the great and lofty objects of power and glory which the terror of the Lord would certainly overtake (Isaiah 2:16). [In] Gitin, et al. At the end of July, Tarshish, who has been working alongside people with disabilities since before the ADA's passage, was among the more than 1,000 people who gathered at the Minnesota History. American scholars William F. Albright (18911971) and Frank Moore Cross (19212012) suggested Tarshish was Sardinia because of the discovery of the Nora Stone, whose Phoenician inscription mentions Tarshish. There are only two species known: both inhabit the mainland and islands of India; so that the mention of the peacock seems to exclude the possibility of the voyage having been to Africa. Ezekiel 38:13 imparts several important clues to the reader. Is It Ok for Christians to Follow Zodiac Signs? It was a major center of trade and commerce in the ancient world. Bethsaida at the northern end of the Lake and Tarichea at the southern end were great centers of the trade. He is placed on the Timeline of the Bible after the Flood, around 2300 BC. 5 By these were the isles of the Gentiles divided in their lands; every . In the absence of positive proof, we may acquiesce in the statement of Strabo, that the river Baetis (now the Guadalquivir) was formerly called Tartessus, that the city Tartessus was situated between the two arms by which the river flowed into the sea, and that the adjoining country was called Tartessis. [20], The context in Isaiah23:6 and 66:19 seems to indicate that it is an island, and from Israel it could be reached by ship, as attempted by Jonah (Jonah1:3) and performed by Solomon's fleet (2Chronicles9:21). This agrees perfectly with the statement of Ibn Hankal, who no doubt reports the opinion of the Arabian geographers, that Phoenicia maintained a direct intercourse with Britain in later ", Phoenician presence in the western Mediterranean, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, "King Solomon's silver? [23] This is the theory espoused by Father Mapple in Chapter 9 of Moby Dick.[24]. Cornwall was the only major source of tin in Europe for the past 2,500 years. This is still reputed to be the "Merchants of Tarshish" today by some Christian sects. Isaiah 66:19 "I will set a sign among them, and I will send such as escape of them to the nations, to Tarshish, Pul, and Lud, who draw the bow, to Tubal and Javan, to the islands afar off, who have not heard my fame, neither have seen my glory; and they shall declare my glory among the nations.. Jeremiah 46:9 Go up, you horses; and rage, you chariots; and let the mighty men go forth: Cush and . Hiram joined Solomon in these enterprises which had their center on the Red Sea, and thus the Phoenicians had water communication with the coasts of Arabia and Africa, and even of India. Ezekiel 38:8, 16 notifies that this is a prophecy that finds fulfillment in the last days. Tarshish. If Tarshish is England; I propose the 'young lions thereof' would be Canada, Australia, and the United States. Tarshish must have been established prior to the 10th century BC. Genesis 10:1-2. The expression "ships of Tarshish" originally meant ships destined to go to Tarshish; and then probably came to signify large Phoenician ships, of a particular size the description, destined for long voyages, just as in English "East Indiaman" was a general name given to vessels, some of which were not intended to go to India at all. It is also true thatthe mountains of Wales, just north of Cornwall have been a source of all the mineralslisted in Ezekiel 27:12. In the same book the drunkard, because of his unnatural insensibility to danger, is likened to a man "that lieth down in the midst of the sea, or as he that lieth upon the top of a mast" (23:34); and among the inscrutable things of the world the writer includes "the way of a ship in the midst of the sea" (30:19). We understand that Tarshish was west of Israel leading some historians to believe it was located in what is today south-west Spain, especially as the Phoenicians had important colonies in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, rich in minerals with Cadiz as a vital trading port. ( 1Kings 10:22 ) The gold might possibly have been obtained form Africa, or from Ophir in Arabia, and the ivory and the apes might likewise have been imported from Africa; but the peacocks point conclusively, not to Africa, but to India. Proud member Semitic Languages: Outline of a Comparative Grammar. The prophecies concerning Tarshish best fit Britain. Daniel 8:22. It could be used by Ezekiel to represent the nations of western Europe that will join Saudi Arabia in denouncing the invasion. It was Simon Maccabeus, however, who built its harbor, and the harbor at Joppa was "the first and only harbor of the Jews" (G. A. Smith, HGHL, 136). He found a ship bound for Tarshish as far toward the West as Nineveh to the East. (2) During the Monarchy.It is not till the time of the monarchy that the Hebrews begin to figure as a commercial people. There seems to have been a special relation between Tarshish and Tyre, as there was at one time between Tartessus and Phoenicians. Tarshish was said to have exported vast quantities of important metals to Phoenicia and Israel. (Ezekiel 27:25; emphasis added) What About Tarshish Today? Not only is that name connected with the tribe of Benjamin, but it is the ancient name of a city in southern Spain. He fixed on "Tarshish" being the site of Kudiramalai, a possible corruption of Thiruketheeswaram.[33][34][35][36][37][38]. It took three whole years to make the trip, and the merchant ships came, bringing gold, silver, ivory, apes, and monkeys (2 Chronicles 9:21 NKJV). This chapter is an end time prophecy concerning the re-birth of Israel:Surely the coastlands will wait for Me; and the ships of Tarshish will come first, to bring your sons from afar, their gold and silver with them, to the name of the Lord your God, and to the Holy One of Israel, because he has glorified you (Isaiah 60:9). In this feature, unless otherwise indicated, we use the term "Tarshish" as synonymous with Tartessos in Spain. Among Neighboring Nations:(1) Egypt.The Egyptians, like other nations of antiquity, had a great horror of the open sea, although they were expert enough in managing their craft upon the Nile. It was the birth pains of a nation being re-born that had not existed in over 2400 years. (c) As regards cargo, it is to be noted that "the persons of men," that is, slaves, formed an article of merchandise in which Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, countries to the North, traded with Tyre.3. Under the ruthless and ambitious King Nebuchadnezzar II, the sprawling settlement in modern-day Iraq grew into a major city as large as Chicago, and boasted towering temples, ornately tiled palaces and imposing city walls thick enough for two chariots to pass . It occurs 24 times, originally as a land of people descended from a man named Tarshish in Genesis 10:4 (also 1 Chronicles 1:7). The merchants of Tarshish; the inhabitants of the sea-coast westward, and Magog north. ", Tarshish is placed on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea by several biblical passages,[18] and more precisely: west of Israel. The question as to the locality of Tarshish has given rise to not a little discussion. 1 Kings 22:48 Jehoshaphat made ships of Tarshish to go to Ophir for gold: but they didn't go; for the ships were broken at Ezion Geber. In his great series of Nature-pictures in Psalm 104, the Psalmist finds a place for the sea and ships (104:25;), and in Psalm 107 there is a picture of the storm overtaking them that go down to the sea in ships, and of the deliverance that comes to them when God "bringeth" them into their desired haven" (107:23;). They are recorded for us in the Acts by Luke, who, as Sir William Ramsay puts it, had the true Greek feeling for the sea (St. Paul the Traveler, 21). In The Wisdom of Solomon 14:6 Noah's ark is called a schedia, a "clumsy ship" (the literal translation "raft" in the Revised Version (British and American) is impossible).In the New Testament there are four words in use:(1) naus (Acts 27:41, the only place where it occurs, designating the large sea-going vessel in which Paul suffered shipwreck). 2 Chronicles 20:37 Then Eliezer the son of Dodavahu of Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying, Because you have joined yourself with Ahaziah, Yahweh has destroyed your works. Elle avait une suite fort nombreuse, et des chameaux portant des aromates, de l'or en grande quantit et des pierres prcieuses. There is a very close similarity of name between them, Tartessus being merely Tarshish in the Aramaic form. 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