WebThe An Lushan Rebellion was an uprising against the Tang dynasty of China towards the mid-point of the dynasty , with an attempt to replace it with the Yan dynasty. An Lushan Rebellion. An Lushan rose through the ranks of the Tang-dynasty [41], Meanwhile, An had Emperor Xuanzong's sister, Princess of Huo, as well as a number of other imperial relatives, executed, and sacrificed their organs to An Qingzong. Even Yan Zhuang and Li Zhu'er were said to be hit frequently. In an effort to quickly establish peace after the Rebellion, the Tang dynasty pardoned many rebels, and put some of them in command of their own garrisons, eroding the authority of the central government. The Taiping Rebellion was a Chinese civil war that raged from 1850 to 1864, fought between the Qing dynasty and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Emperor Xuanzong treated him well and allowed him to visit the palace at all times. An Qingxu was then killed by a subordinate, general Shi Siming, who soon afterwards recaptured the city of Luoyang. The An Lushan Rebellion spanned from 16 December 755 to 17 February 763. This rebellion involved the death of some 1336 million people, making it one of the deadliest wars in history. This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Welcome to r/AskHistorians. Italy. The An Estimating casualties is difficult; some place the death toll as high as 36 million, Thereafter, whenever An visited the capital, he was allowed free admittance to the palace, and there were rumors that he and Consort Yang had an affair, but Emperor Xuanzong discounted the rumors. He selected some 8,000 soldiers among the surrendered Khitan, Xi, and Tongluo () tribesmen, organizing them into an elite corps known as the Yeluohe (), which meant "the brave". When Zhang returned to Chang'an and praised An, Emperor Xuanzong promoted An to be the commandant at Ying Prefecture and the commander of Pinglu Army, to defend against the Khitan, the Xi, Balhae, and the Heishui Mohe. Number given is the sum of all deaths in battle recorded by Roman writers during this time period, does not take into account civilian deaths, the actual number may be much greater. WebSamnite Wars. You learn something new every day; what did you learn today? The Dungan The blow that mortally weakened Tang was the Huang Chao rebellion, which raged for a full decade from 874 to 884. | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Contact Us. Zhang, seeing that he had a large body and impressed by his plea, released him and had him serve as a police officer, along with Shi, and both of them were said to be capable at catching criminals. Highly unpopular among the peasantry, with the Seven Grievances listed against the Ming Emperor, in 1618 the Manchu chieftain Nurhaci began an armed rebellion. As Zhang believed that he was obese, he did not dare to eat too much while in Zhang's presence, and this drew Zhang's favor. WebThe An Lushan Rebellion (755763 ce) was an dealt a death blow to the cost-effective . Yang predicted that if Emperor Xuanzong summoned An to Chang'an, he would surely not come. [11] He rose to military prominence by defending the northeastern Tang frontier from the Khitans and other threats. 2. WebThe long and short is no: the An Lushan Rebellion did not kill a major percentage of the Earth's population. The Tang dynasty began with the victorious This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. In July 756 An Lushan and his rebel forces captured Chang'an, an event that had a devastating effect upon this thriving metropolis. Following an attempted coup within the Heavenly Empire in 1856, the Xian Army seized the opportunity to reclaim large portions of conquered land. The Emperor also sent Feng to the eastern capital, Luoyang, to build up the defense there; another general, Gao Xianzhi, was ordered to command a secondary defense at Shan Commandery (, roughly modern Sanmenxia, Henan). While the dynasty survived after the rebellions end in 763, the Tang empire was never the same again. Seeking to take advantage of the element of surprise, An Lushans forces sought to hurriedly consolidate the north and invade the south. This rebellion involved the death of some 1336 million people, making it one of the deadliest wars in history. Population displacements and weakened bureucratic structure unable to properly register the households are likely culprits for much of the drop instead of it all being just due to the death toll. 142,000+. In 755, when Zhang Xun was in the prime of his life, the Tang Golden Age was shattered. It may not display this or other websites correctly. 343 BC290 BC. In all, the war-related deaths numbered around 7-12 million people. You are using an out of date browser. An Rokhan grew up in a town in rmqi, and was working as a sartapo in the market when he was accused of sheep theft and sentenced to death. Thereafter, Emperor Xuanzong refused to believe any suggestions that An was plotting rebellion, despite Li Heng agreeing with Yang's assessment on this issue. An Lushan Rebellion death toll. Referensi [ sunting | sunting An tried to fight back, but could not locate a sword that he had put under his bed. But in his sickness and blindness An became ill-tempered and paranoid, and would flog or even murder his servants if they had caused him any displeasure. An Lushan had a highly-trusted Khitan eunuch named Li Zhu'er (). However, in his efforts to solidify his fledgling regime Zicheng sought to purge the military ranks of Ming loyalists. Beginning with the deterioration and eventual collapse of the Han dynasty, and concluding with the ascendance of the Jin, each rival faction claimed dominion over the others as the sole legitimate emperor. An Lushan submitted a petition to Emperor Xuanzong to replace 32 Han generals under his command with non-Han generals. History sometimes seems to be an inevitable process but it was not. An Lushan Rebellion. In 748, Emperor Xuanzong awarded An Lushan an iron certificate promising that he would not be executed, except for treason, and in 750, he created An Prince of Dongping, setting a precedent for generals not of the imperial Li clan to be created princes. He escaped from the city and joined the Tang army as a mercenary. FOR SALE! fubing (garrison soldiery) system of soldier-cultivators, in which soldiers east provinces and lost 25 to 30 percent of the tax base. According to historical sources, his original name might have been Aluoshan[14] or Yaluoshan,[15][16] the latter stated by Jiu Tangshu to mean "war" in Old Turkic. for controlling the Khitan and Xi and surrounding area. Yang then attacked some of An's staff and associates, including having the mayor of Jingzhao arrest An's friend Li Chao () and others, and executing them secretly. Early in Emperor Xuanzong of Tang's Kaiyuan era, 713741, there was a disturbance among the Gktrk tribe that An Yanyan belonged to, and An Lushan fled to Tang with An Yanyan and An Yanyan's nephew, An Sishun. Xuanzong accepted An's request despite opposition from chancellors Yang Guozhong and Wei Jiansu, who took An's request as a sign of impending rebellion. Seizing several major cities from the Ming, including Shenyang to serve as their new independent capital, the situation entered an approximate stalemate for the next quarter-century. Wikimedia Commons. Jump WebThe An Lushan Rebellion was a devastating rebellion against the Tang dynasty of China. Led by General An Lushan, the Yang Guozhong later accused Wei of bribing An's associate Ji Wen (), and Wei and Ji were both demoted. Similar processes apply to his An Lushan estimates, ie confusing a decline in registered households by government census with an absolute population decline, when if anything it actually shows a more limited census. WebAn Lushan Biographical information Born c. 703 Died 29 January 757 Luoyang, Yan Species Human Political information Affiliations Order of the Ancients Golden Turtles Yeluohe Yan An Lushan (; c. 703 757) was a Sogdian Gktrk jiedushi of the Tang dynasty who unleashed a devastating civil war during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong. Istilah Pemberontakan An Lushan juga digunakan. However, when Emperor Xuanzong tested Yang's hypothesis by summoning An, he immediately showed up in Chang'an and claimed that Yang was making false accusations. 336 BC323 BC. The An Lushan Rebellion was a revolutionary action against the Tang Dynasty; the war This rebellion involved the death of some 1336 million people,[37] making it one of the deadliest wars in history. Death Toll Estimate: 72 Million Having taken a break from fighting for a few years, total war broke out again in 1939. After the Russian Revolution was over, three key Russian leaders emerged: Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, Leon Trotsky, and Joseph Stalin. He retained Gao Shang (), Yan Zhuang (), Zhang Tongru (), and Sun Xiaozhe () as his strategists; and Shi Siming, An Shouzhong (), Li Guiren (), Cai Xide (), Niu Tingjie (), Xiang Runrong (), Li Tingwang (), Cui Qianyou (), Yin Ziqi (), He Qiannian (), Wu Lingxun (), Neng Yuanhao (), Tian Chengsi, Tian Qianzhen (), and Ashina Chengqing () as his generals. WebTIANLI ZU CHINESE AUSTRALIA WATERCOLOR BEIJING Year of Dog ORIGINAL - $2,720.60. You must log in or register to reply here. One such general, Wu Sangui, consequently defected to the Qing cause and with their combined forces defeated the new dynasty at the Battle of Shanhai Pass. Pulleyblank, Edwin G. "The An Lushan Rebellion and the Origins of Chronic Militarism in Late T'ang China," in Perry, John Curtis, and Bardwell L. Smith. The An Lushan Rebellion. in accordance with New World Encyclopedia standards. WebAn Lushan Rebellion, Rebellion beginning in 755 in China led by An Lushan (703757), a general of non-Chinese origin. The final death toll was staggering. He moved rapidly along the Grand Canal of China and captured the city of Luoyang within the year. The An Lushan Rebellion was a devastating rebellion against the Tang dynasty of China. Feng joined forces with Gao and urged a retreat to Tong Pass; Gao agreed, and they took up defensive positions there, and An did not proceed quickly, but remained at Luoyang, planning to declare himself emperor there. Rebellious general An Lushan declared a rivaling Yan Dynasty. WebWeird History: An Lushan Rebellion. Selected Death Tolls for Wars, Massacres and Atrocities Before the 20th Century, Chinese History - Political History of the Tang Dynasty, https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/p/index.php?title=An_Lushan&oldid=1054297, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. [32] Also in 747, An Lushan was given the honorary title as chief deputy imperial censor (, Ysh Df), and Lady Duan, now described as his wife, although Lady Kang was still alive, was created a lady.[16]. In July 756 An Lushan and his rebel forces captured Changan, an event that had a devastating effect upon this thriving metropolis. 33,500+. ISBN links support NWE through referral fees. His actions led to two princesses of the royal clan, who were married to Khitan and Xi leaders as part of the heqin policy, being executed in retaliation,[33] and both groups rebelled in 745, though An defeated them. The Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts, Soviet Union & Post-Soviet States | Modern Central Asia. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. sleeperul. WebPemberontakan ini juga dikenal sebagai Pemberontakan Tianbao (). [36], On Lunar New Year's day, 756 (5 February[1]), An Lushan declared himself Emperor at Luoyang, establishing a new state of Yan, making Zhang Tongru and the surrendered Tang official Daxi Xun () his chancellors. In the fall of 755, An Lushan, using the northern provinces of Heibei and Henan as his base, led an army of about 150,000 soldiers from Peking (Beijing) to capture the eastern capital city of Loyang (Luoyang). The American Civil War was not the bloodiest in history since This is an idea that has been pushed by Stephen Pinker, who is not an academic historian, and when writing on history has used either non-peer reviewed sources like websites, or has misinterpreted academic histories. World War II, the largest and deadliest war in human history, was a global total war between 1939 and 1945, involving more than 30 countries and 100 million participants. Here are our sources: The Punic Wars, Nigel Bagnall, St. Martins Press, 2005, A Companion to the Punic Wars, B.D. The savagery of the Mongol conqueror Genghis Khan may have culled the global population by about 11 percent; two bloody upheavals in China the An Lushan FOR SALE! Establishing the new capital of Mexico City on the ruins of Tenochtitlan, in 1522 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V proclaimed Corts captain-general of New Spain as a reward for his services and genocide. Roman Republic vs. Samnites. It was in many ways your standard, textbook peasant uprising resulting from all the usual markers of a dynastic decline: famine, natural catastrophe, burdensome taxation, eunuch corruption, and what have you. WebThe death of Atahualpa, the last Sapa Inca on 29 August 1533, Luis Montero (c. 1867). An Lushan approached Changan with limited resistance, and in the summer of 756, the city, which had a metro population of roughly 2 million, was sacked. [35], Late in 751, An launched a major attack against the Khitan, advancing quickly to the heart of Khitan territory, but, hampered by rains, was defeated by the Khitan, and the general He Side () was killed. He executed An Qingzong and An's first wife Lady Kang, and forced An Qingzong's present wife, Lady Rongyi, to take her own life. An reported this to Emperor Xuanzong, who ordered a retesting before him personally. Wikimedia Commons. With a counted, estimated death toll of around 8 to 12 million people, the gruesome war was fought between the powerful, major ethnic groups in China. However, the battle for eastern China went badly for An Lushan; although his army was large, it was unable to take control of the Suiyang District from the Tang defenders. 33,500+. 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