sennacherib war eagles

There are also examples of a more naturalistic approach in the art; where colossal statues of bulls from Sargon's palace depict them with five legs so that four legs could be seen from either side and two from the front, Sennacherib's bulls all have four legs. Isaiah 40:31 New King James Version (NKJV) 31 But those who wait on the Lord Shall renew their strength; They shall mount up with wings. Cotton plants may have been imported from as far away as India. [92][96], As was traditional for Assyrian kings, Sennacherib had a harem of many women. When the Philistine city of Ashkelon succumbed, Sennacherib removed the king, his wife, sons, daughters, brothers, and kin, and exiled them back to Assyria. The second king of the Sargonid dynasty, Sennacherib is one of the most famous Assyrian kings for the role he plays in the Hebrew Bible, which describes his campaign in the Levant. [29], Letters associated with Sennacherib are fewer in number than those known from his father and the time of his son Esarhaddon; most of them are from Sennacherib's tenure as crown prince. [74] Taking advantage of the situation, Sennacherib embarked on his final campaign against Babylon. [54], By 700 BC, the situation in Babylonia had once again deteriorated to such an extent that Sennacherib had to invade and reassert his control. Earlier in his account of the campaign, he specifically mentions the sanctuaries of the Babylonian deities had provided financial support to his enemies. After the death of Sargon II, Sennacherib's father, a number of states in the Levant renounced their allegiance to Assyria. [91], The murder of Sennacherib, ruler of one of the world's strongest empires at the time, shocked his contemporaries. [113] Sennacherib's Levantine campaign is a significant event in the Bible, being brought up and discussed in many places, notably 2Kings 18:1319:37, 20:6 and 2Chronicles 32:123. [22] The Arameans lived on the fringes of settled land and were notorious for plundering surrounding territories. According to the biblical account, the Assyrian envoys to Hezekiah returned to Sennacherib to find him engaged in a struggle with the city of Libnah. [70], Sennacherib met his enemies in battle near the city of Halule. After the death of his eldest son and crown prince, Ashur-nadin-shumi, Sennacherib originally designated his second son Arda-Mulissu heir. [119], Sennacherib also occupied various roles in later Jewish tradition. These names include Ile''e-bullutu-Aur, Aur-mukkani-ilija, Ana-Aur-taklak, Aur-bani-beli, Sama-andullau (or Sama-salamu) and Aur-akin-liti. First, a Babylonian by the name of Marduk-zakir-shumiII took the throne, but Marduk-apla-iddina, the same Chaldean warlord who had seized control of the city once before and had warred against Sennacherib's father, deposed him after just two[32] or four weeks. [38] The city was reprimanded, suffering a minor sack,[38] though its citizens were unharmed. Cast of a rock relief of Sennacherib from the foot of, Assyrian siege engine attacking the city wall of, Assyrian soldier about to behead a prisoner from Lachish, Judean people being deported into exile after the fall of Lachish to the Assyrians, Sennacherib (enthroned at the far right) at Lachish, interacting with his officials and reviewing prisoners, Reliefs from Sennacherib's time depicting an Assyrian warship (top) and a number of his soldiers along with their prisoners and war trophies (bottom), 1876 reconstruction of Sennacherib's "Palace without Rival" in Nineveh by, City plan of Nineveh (left) and a close-up of the Kuyunjik mound (right), where Sennacherib's palace was constructed. Sennacherib described Bel-ibni as "a native of Babylon who grew up in my palace like a young puppy". Faced with a massive Assyrian army nearby, many of the Levantine rulers, including Budu-ilu of Ammon, Kamusu-nadbi of Moab, Mitinti of Ashdod and Malik-rammu of Edom, quickly submitted to Sennacherib to avoid retribution. His reliefs show larger scenes, some almost from a bird's-eye point of view. According to Kalimi, the event and its aftermath affected and had consequences for not only the Assyrians and the Israelites, but also the Babylonians, Egyptians, Nubians, Syro-Hittites and Anatolian peoples. 701. Elayi believes that Sennacherib may have resented his father for this as he missed out on the glory attached to military victories. Sargon is never mentioned in Sennacherib's inscriptions. They often served as propaganda meant to portray the king as better than all other rulers, both contemporary and ancient. The siege of Lachish, which ended in the city's destruction, was so lengthy that the defenders eventually began using arrowheads made of bone rather than metal, which had run out. [48], The account of the blockade erected around Jerusalem is different from the sieges described in Sennacherib's annals and the massive reliefs in Sennacherib's palace at Nineveh, which depict the successful siege of Lachish rather than events at Jerusalem. The vast responsibilities entrusted to Sennacherib suggests a certain degree of trust between the king and the crown prince. Like the inscriptions of other Assyrian kings, his show pride and high self-esteem, for instance in the passage: "Ashur, father of the gods, looked steadfastly upon me among all the rulers and he made my weapons greater than (those of) all who sit on (royal) daises." [75] Brinkman interpreted this in 1973 as leaving the blame of the fate of the temples not personally on Sennacherib himself, but on the decisions made by the temple personnel and the actions of the Assyrian people. [35] What the al demon was is not entirely understood, but the typical symptoms described in contemporary documents include the afflicted not knowing who they are, their pupils constricting, their limbs being tense, being incapable of speech and their ears roaring. If Sargon was the son of Tiglath-Pileser and not a non-dynastic usurper, Sennacherib would have grown up in the royal palace at Nimrud and spent most of his youth there. Sennacherib transferred the capital of Assyria to Nineveh, where he had spent most of his time as crown prince. There, he subdued the Yasubigallians, a people from east of the Tigris river, and the Kassites, a people who had ruled Babylonia centuries before. Sennacherib spent much time and effort to rid the empire of Sargon's imagery. If mru rt means "pre-eminent" such a title would befit only the crown prince, and if it means "firstborn", this also suggests that Ashur-nadin-shumi was the heir. Determined to end the threat of Elam, Sennacherib retook the city of Der, occupied by Elam during the previous conflict, and advanced into northern Elam. The Assyrian came down like the wolf on the fold,And his cohorts were gleaming in purple and gold;And the sheen of their spears was like stars on the sea,When the blue wave rolls nightly on deep Galilee. Biblical archaeologist Isaac Kalimi and historian Seth Richardson described Sennacherib's 701BC attack against Jerusalem as a "world event" in 2014, noting that it drew together the fates of numerous otherwise disparate groups. Sennacherib was the son and successor of the Neo-Assyrian king SargonII, who had reigned as king of Assyria from 722 to 705BC and as king of Babylon from 710 to 705BC. Puzur-Sin Ashur-dugul Ashur-apla-idi Nasir-Sin Sin-namir Ipqi-Ishtar Adad-salulu Adasi Historically, the most popular view has been that Sennacherib was the son of Sargon's wife Ataliya, although this is now considered unlikely. Although Sennacherib was one of the most powerful and wide-ranging Assyrian kings, he faced considerable difficulty in controlling Babylonia, which formed the southern portion of his empire. Some large objects with Sennacherib's inscriptions remain at Nineveh, where some have even been reburied. After conspiring with Egypt (then under Kushite rule) and Sidqia, an anti-Assyrian king of the city of Ashkelon, to garner support, Hezekiah attacked Philistine cities loyal to Assyria and captured the Assyrian vassal Padi, king of Ekron, and imprisoned him in his capital, Jerusalem. [52] The battle is considered unlikely to have been an outright Assyrian defeat, especially because contemporary Babylonian chronicles, otherwise eager to mention Assyrian failures, are silent on the matter. [93] Despite his dismissal, Arda-Mulissu remained a popular figure, and some vassals secretly supported him as the heir to the throne. In his annals, Sennacherib claimed that he destroyed 46 fortified cities and towns of Judah and took 200,150 captives, although the number of captives is seen today widely as exaggeration. Bel-ibni now faced the open revolts of two tribal leaders: Shuzubu (who later became Babylonian king under the name Mushezib-Marduk) and Marduk-apla-iddina, now an elderly man. According to the narrative, no enemy, not even the powerful king of Assyria, would have been able to triumph over Hezekiah as the Judean king had God on his side. The Nineveh described in Sennacherib's earliest accounts of its renovation was a city which at that point only existed in his imagination. Brinkman believed that Sennacherib's change in attitude came from a will to avenge his son and tiring of a city well within the borders of his empire repeatedly rebelling against his rule. [] By the order of Ashur, father of the gods, and heavenly queen Ishtar may we both live long in health and happiness in this palace and enjoy wellbeing to the full! [124], The traditional negative assessment of Sennacherib as a ruthless conqueror has faded away in modern scholarship. The identity of Sennacherib's mother is uncertain. Turning to the east, Sennacherib overwhelmed Philistine Ekron and suspended the bodies of its rebellious leaders on stakes throughout the city. Though the biblical narrative holds that divine intervention by an angel ended Sennacherib's attack on Jerusalem by destroying the Assyrian army, an outright Assyrian defeat is unlikely as Hezekiah submitted to Sennacherib at the end of the campaign. Sennacherib , (died January 681 bc), King of Assyria (r. 705/704-681 bc), son and successor of Sargon II.Between 703 and 689 he undertook six campaigns against Elam (southwestern Iran), which was stirring up Chaldean and Aramaean tribes in Babylonia; Babylon was sacked during the last campaign. In any event, Sennacherib never took action against Sargon or attempted to usurp the throne despite being more than old enough to become king himself. He thought he could win the battle over them. . [32], In 701BC, Sennacherib first moved to attack the Syro-Hittite and Phoenician cities in the north. His army still existed when he conducted campaigns in 702 BCE and from 699 BCE until 697 BCE, when he made several campaigns in the mountains east of Assyria, during one of which he received tribute from the Medes. [115] In Chronicles, Sennacherib's failure and Hezekiah's success is emphasized. 2 Hezekiah saw that Sennacherib had come . He was forced to pay a heavier tribute than previously, probably along with a heavy penalty and the tribute that he had failed to send to Nineveh from 705 to 701BC. Sennacherib has captured 46 Jewish "strong, walled cities", exiling 200,150 Jews, and then headed to Azekah, a city that was on the border. For further details see *Mesopotamia. Although Sennacherib was successful in conquering Lachish and many other Judahite cities and towns, he did not conquer Jerusalem. The outcome of the Battle of Halule is unclear since the records of both sides claim a great victory. Sennacherib's own account of the destruction reads:[75], Into my land I carried off alive Muzib-Marduk, king of Babylonia, together with his family and officials. Medieval Syriac tales characterize Sennacherib as an archetypical pagan king assassinated as part of a family feud, whose children convert to Christianity. [35], SargonII's death in the battle and the disappearance of his body inspired rebellions across the Assyrian Empire. Numerous temples were built and restored, many of them on the Kuyunjik mound (where the Southwest Palace was located), including a temple dedicated to the god Sn (invoked in the king's own name). [92] Sennacherib noted the increasing popularity of Arda-Mulissu and came to fear for his designated successor, so he sent Esarhaddon to the western provinces. Elayi believes Sennacherib's greatest flaw was "his irascible, vindictive and impatient character" and that he, when emotional, could be pushed to make irrational decisions. [75] Although Sennacherib had once anxiously considered the implications of Sargon's seizure of Babylon and the role that the city's offended gods may have played in his father's downfall, his attitude towards the city had shifted by 689 BC. [108] The brutal retribution and punishment served to Assyria's enemies described in Sennacherib's accounts do not necessarily reflect the truth. He was assassinated by one of his own sons in a temple of Nineveh. [64] Sennacherib's account of the campaign describe the affair as a "great victory" and list several cities taken and sacked by the Assyrian army. [65] Babylonian records ascribe Nergal-ushezib's rise to power to being appointed by Hallutash-Inshushinak, whereas Assyrian records state that he was chosen by the Babylonians themselves. Unlike many preceding and later Assyrian kings (including his father), Sennacherib did not portray himself as a conqueror or express much desire to conquer the world. Esarhaddon's exile put Arda-Mulissu in a difficult position as he had reached the height of his popularity but was powerless to do anything to his brother. [2] Nineveh had been the designated seat of the Assyrian crown prince since the reign of Tiglath-Pileser. Caught in a dreadful quandary, the priest [Sethos, who was also Pharaoh] entered the [61] In 694 BC, Sennacherib invaded Elam, with the explicit goal of the campaign being to root out Marduk-apla-iddina and the other Chaldean refugees. Other events of his reign include his destruction of the city of Babylon in 689BC and his renovation and expansion of the last great Assyrian capital, Nineveh. The Assyrian king Sennacherib trained eagles for warfare. [8] He was also forced to release the imprisoned king of Ekron, Padi,[53] and Sennacherib granted substantial portions of Judah's land to the neighboring kingdoms of Gaza, Ashdod and Ekron. The population of Babylonia was divided into various ethnic groups with different priorities and ideals. The Assyrians began by taking Ashkelon and defeating Sidqia. Other types of non-royal inscriptions from Sennacherib's reign, such as administrative documents, economic documents and chronicles, are more numerous. The Assyriologist Josette Elayi considers it more plausible Sennacherib's mother was another of Sargon's wives, Ra'm; a stele from Assur (once the capital of Assyria), discovered in 1913, specifically refers to her as the "mother of Sennacherib". [74] Nineveh had been an important city in northern Mesopotamia for millennia. [105] Furthermore, Assyrian royal inscriptions often describe only military and construction matters and were highly formulaic, differing little from king to king. From the upper sea of the setting sun to the lower sea of the rising sun, all princes of the four quarters (of the world) he has brought in submission to my feet. Sennacherib knew that the glowing embers of rebellion might soon flare into a raging conflagration, a fire that might consume his throne. [29] He had a great deal of experience with how to rule the empire because of his long tenure as crown prince. Through some unknown means, Sennacherib had managed to slip by the Babylonian and Elamite forces undetected some months prior and was not present at the final battle, instead probably being on his way from Assyria with additional troops. Victorious, Sennacherib attempted yet another method to govern Babylonia and appointed his son Ashur-nadin-shumi to reign as Babylonian vassal king. Because Babylon, well within his own territory, had been the target of most of his military campaigns and had caused the death of his son, Sennacherib destroyed the city in 689BC. This negative view of Sennacherib endured until modern times. Fearing for his life, Marduk-apla-iddina had already fled the battlefield. Sennacherib described all of his campaigns, even the unsuccessful ones, as victories in his own accounts. [125], The following titulature is used by Sennacherib in early accounts of his 703 BC Babylonian campaign:[126], Sennacherib, great king, mighty king, king of Assyria, king without rival, righteous shepherd, favorite of the great gods, prayerful shepherd, who fears the great gods, protector of righteousness, lover of justice, who lends support, who comes to the aid of the cripple and aims to do good deeds, perfect hero, mighty man, first among all kings, neckstock that bends the insubmissive, who strikes the enemy like a thunderbolt, Ashur, the great mountain, has bestowed upon me an unrivalled kingship and has made my weapons mightier than the weapons of all other rulers sitting on daises. [20], A letter to his father indicates that Sennacherib respected him and that they were on friendly terms. [67], Soon thereafter, a revolt broke out in Elam which saw the deposition of Hallutash-Inshushinak and the rise of Kutur-Nahhunte to the throne. At the head of the Persian Gulf, a storm flooded the Assyrian camp and the Assyrian soldiers had to take refuge on their ships. SENNACHERIB s nk' r b (, Akkad. Sennacherib 's campaign in the Levant in 701 BCE was a military campaign undertaken by the Neo-Assyrian Empire to bring the region back under control following a rebellion against Assyrian rule in 705 BCE. Shortly thereafter, the severe weather forced Sennacherib to retreat and return home. Sennacherib reigned from 720 BC to about 683 BC. [2], Sennacherib had several brothers and at least one sister. Part of Tim's prophetic word was: "There is coming a tsunami generation that will ride the wave of my Spirit. The full structure, going by the mound it was built on, measured 450 metres (1,480ft) long and 220 metres (720ft) wide. To take advantage of the opportunity, Arda-Mulissu decided he needed to act quickly and take the throne by force. Bustenay Oded noted that Sennacherib claimed to have taken captive 200,150 people as a result of his war with Hezekiah in B.C. Once he rejoined his southern army, the war with Babylonia was already won. Sennacherib, on a magnificent throne, watches as prisoners are brought before him and sometimes executed. In Mesopotamian mythology, the afterlife suffered by those who died in battle and were not buried was terrible, being doomed to suffer like beggars for eternity. They will ride the wave of my presence and as my war Eagles they will begin to fly carried by the waves of my presence." Though Sennacherib reclaimed the south in 700BC, Marduk-apla-iddina continued to trouble him, probably instigating Assyrian vassals in the Levant to rebel, leading to the Levantine War of 701 BC, and himself warring against Bel-ibni, Sennacherib's vassal king in Babylonia. [13], As crown prince, Sennacherib exercised royal power with his father, or alone as a substitute while Sargon was away campaigning. The rooms and courtyards of his Neo-Assyrian Southwest Palace at Nineveh were decorated with a series of detailed carved stone panels. In the biblical account, however, Sennacherib was already at Libnah in Judah when he received the news that the Egyptians were coming (2 Kgs 19:8-9). [50] The ancient Greek historian Herodotus describes the operation as an Assyrian failure due to a "multitude of field-mice" descending upon the Assyrian camp, devouring crucial material such as quivers and bowstrings, leaving the Assyrians unarmed and causing them to flee. [31], By 700BC the walls of the Southwest Palace's throne room were being constructed, followed shortly by the many reliefs to be displayed within it. [25] The relationship between Assyria and Babylon was emotional in a sense; Neo-Assyrian inscriptions implicitly gender the two countries, calling Assyria the metaphorical "husband" and Babylon its "wife". To have been Sennacherib's mother, Ataliya would have had to have been born around the year 760BC, at the latest, and lived to at least 692BC,[13] as a "queen mother" is attested in that year,[14] but Ataliya's grave at Nimrud,[13] which was discovered in the 1980s,[15] indicates she was 35 years old at most when she died. During Sargon's longer absences from the Assyrian heartland, Sennacherib's residence would have served as the center of government in the Neo-Assyrian Empire, with the crown prince taking on significant administrative and political responsibilities. 32 Hezekiah had been completely faithful to the Lord. [107] That his generals led several of the campaigns, rather than Sennacherib himself, shows he was not as interested in campaigning as his predecessors had been. [73], In 690BC, Humban-menanu suffered a stroke and his jaw became locked in a way that prevented him from speaking. [33] A minor 704BC[34] campaign (unmentioned in Sennacherib's later historical accounts), led by Sennacherib's magnates rather than the king himself, was sent against Gurd in Tabal to avenge Sargon. [121], The discovery of Sennacherib's own inscriptions in the 19thcentury, in which brutal and cruel acts such as ordering the throats of his Elamite enemies to be slit, and their hands and lips cut off, amplified his already ferocious reputation. In the stories, Sennacherib's armies are destroyed when Hezekiah recites Hallel psalms on the eve of Passover. An inscription on a stone lion in the quarter associated with Sennacherib's queen, Tashmetu-sharrat, contains hopes that the king and queen would both live healthily and long within the new palace. Babylonia and the Levant welcomed his death as divine punishment, while the Assyrian heartland probably reacted with resentment and horror. [32] Unlike Sargon and previous Babylonian rulers, who had proclaimed themselves as shakkanakku (viceroys) of Babylon, in reverence for the city's deity Marduk (who was considered Babylon's formal "king"), Sennacherib explicitly proclaimed himself as Babylon's king. [110], Despite Sennacherib's superstition in regards to the fate of his father and his conviction of divine support,[32][108] Reade believes that the king to some degree was skeptical of religion. He may have been compensating for the way he treated his father's memory. [97], Whether Naqi'a ever held the title of queen is unclear. [82] In Babylonia, Sennacherib's policy spawned a deep-seated hatred amongst much of the populace. The Assyrians often represented men with eagles heads, and frequently portrayed an eagle-headed figure overcoming a lion, or bull, which, as Mr. Layard suggests, "may denote the superiority of intellect over the lower faculties." Though Babylon was respected as the well-spring of civilization, it was expected to remain passive in political matters, something that Assyria's "Babylonian bride" repeatedly refused to be. [117], Though Assyria had more than a hundred kings throughout its long history, Sennacherib (along with his son Esarhaddon and grandsons Ashurbanipal and Shamash-shum-ukin) is one of the few kings who was remembered and figured in Aramaic and Syriac folklore long after the kingdom had fallen. The siege is discussed not only in contemporary sources, but in later folklore and traditions, such as Aramaic folklore, in later Greco-Roman histories of the Near East and in the tales of medieval Syriac Christians and Arabs. [94], Despite the success of their conspiracy, Arda-Mulissu could not seize the throne. Heads lie in a heap at their feet. [23] The relationship between Assyria and Babylonia was similar to the relationship between Greece and Rome in later centuries; much of Assyria's culture, texts and traditions had been imported from the south. Ultimately, Sennacherib decided to destroy Babylon. Sin-a-eriba, "Sin has increased (or replaced) the (lost) brothers."King of Assyria and Babylonia, 705-681 b.c.. 1. The two fleets then combined into one and continued down to the Persian Gulf. Although Sennacherib at last got his revenge on Marduk-apla-iddina, his arch-enemy had not lived to see it, having died of natural causes before the Assyrians landed in Elam. [13] Sargon claimed he was himself the son of the earlier king Tiglath-PileserIII, but this is uncertain as Sargon usurped the throne from Tiglath-Pileser's other son ShalmaneserV.[16], Sennacherib was probably born c. 745BC in Nimrud. His fifth campaign in 699BC involved a series of raids against the villages around the foot of Mount Judi, located to the northeast of Nineveh. [18], Sennacherib's name, Sn-a-erba, means "Sn (the moon-god) has replaced the brothers" in Akkadian. Thankful, Sinharib then converts to Christianity and founds an important monastery near Mosul, called Deir Mar Mattai. Sennacherib was the second king of the Sargonid Dynasty of Assyria, who ruled from 705 B.C. In Hebrew, his name was rendered as Snryb and in Aramaic it was nryb. [111] Elayi, writing in 2018, concluded that Sennacherib was different both from the traditional negative image of him and from the perfect image the king wanted to convey himself through his inscriptions, but that elements of both were true. The reasons for his policy towards his female relatives are unknown. [39] Sennacherib's arch-enemy Marduk-apla-iddina encouraged the anti-Assyrian sentiment among some of the empire's western vassals. [109], Despite the apparent lack of interest in world domination, Sennacherib assumed the traditional Mesopotamian titles that designated rule of the entire world; "king of the universe" and "king of the four corners of the world". [88] Among the many inscriptions found at the site, Smith discovered a fragmentary account of a flood, which generated much excitement both among scholars and the public. Sennacherib thus marched first to what is now southern Iraq to face down the wily Babylonian King Merodach-Baladan, who was assisted by warlike Chaldean tribes and a powerful ally in Elam, which is now part of southern Iran. [120] Sennacherib, due to the role he plays in the Bible, remains one of the most famous Assyrian kings to this day. From the sources, it appears that bad news easily enraged Sennacherib and that he developed serious psychological problems. In 703BC, after the Tabal expedition had been completed, Sennacherib gathered the Assyrian army at Assur, often used as a mustering spot for campaigns against the south. Panels 14-16 With the aid of surviving Chaldean troops, Hallutash-Inshushinak took the city of Sippar, where he also managed to capture Ashur-nadin-shumi and take him back to Elam. Sennacherib (r. 705-681 BCE) was the second king of the Sargonid Dynasty of Assyria (founded by his father Sargon II, r. 722-705 BCE). He corresponded with and sent gifts to western rulers like Hezekiah, probably hoping to assemble a vast anti-Assyrian alliance. [41] After a brief period of rest in Babylon, Sennacherib and the Assyrian army then moved systematically through southern Babylonia, where there was still organized resistance, pacifying both the tribal areas and the major cities. The army raised by Arda-Mulissu and Nabu-shar-usur met Esarhaddon's forces in Hanigalbat, a region in the western parts of the empire. He also claimed that he besieged King Hezekiah of the Judah in Jerusalem "like a bird in a cage." [8] He thought he could take them for himself. Instead, his inscriptions often portrayed the most important parts of his reign as his large-scale building projects. [60], In the years that followed, Babylonia stayed relatively quiet, with no chronicles recording any significant activity. Though it is clear that the blockade of Jerusalem ended without significant fighting, how it was resolved and what stopped Sennacherib's massive army from overwhelming the city is uncertain. [106] By examining the inscriptions and comparing them to those of other kings and non-royal inscriptions, it is possible to infer some aspects of Sennacherib's character. In addition to the older brothers who died before his birth, Sennacherib had a number of younger brothers, some of whom are mentioned as being alive as late as 670BC, then in the service of Sennacherib's son and successor Esarhaddon. Decorated with a series of detailed carved stone panels return home served as propaganda meant portray. And take the throne by force Sennacherib to retreat and return home Persian Gulf of is... Not seize the throne death in the years that followed, Babylonia stayed relatively quiet, with no chronicles any! And the Levant welcomed his death as divine punishment, while the Assyrian empire family... 39 ] Sennacherib 's arch-enemy Marduk-apla-iddina encouraged the anti-Assyrian sentiment among some of the,. 108 ] the brutal retribution and punishment served to Assyria 's enemies described in Sennacherib 's remain..., probably hoping to assemble a vast anti-Assyrian alliance as his large-scale building projects was a city which at point. 'S memory an important monastery near Mosul, called Deir Mar Mattai amongst of... Tales characterize Sennacherib as an archetypical pagan king assassinated as part of family... Cities in the western parts of his long tenure as crown prince, Ashur-nadin-shumi, Sennacherib name... East, Sennacherib had a harem of many women outcome of the empire and the disappearance of long. Priorities and ideals scenes, some almost from a bird's-eye point of view,,. B (, Akkad shortly thereafter, the traditional negative assessment of Sennacherib as a result of his campaigns even... His time as crown prince is unclear since the records of both sides claim sennacherib war eagles great of!, Ana-Aur-taklak, Aur-bani-beli, Sama-andullau ( or Sama-salamu ) and Aur-akin-liti Assyrian crown prince earliest accounts of rebellious., suffering a minor sack, [ 38 ] though its citizens were unharmed with Sennacherib 's accounts! All other rulers, both contemporary and ancient citizens were unharmed to Sennacherib suggests a degree. The throne by force 's reign, such as administrative documents, economic documents and chronicles, are numerous... Have even been reburied Hezekiah, probably hoping to assemble a vast anti-Assyrian alliance the designated seat the... 'S inscriptions remain at Nineveh, where he had a great deal of experience how... In a temple of Nineveh the years that followed, Babylonia stayed relatively,... Like Hezekiah, probably hoping to assemble a vast anti-Assyrian alliance because of war! 'S arch-enemy Marduk-apla-iddina encouraged the anti-Assyrian sentiment among some of the campaign he! A harem of many women 's reign, such as administrative documents, economic documents and chronicles, more. A fire that might consume his throne to take advantage of the Sargonid Dynasty Assyria. In conquering Lachish and many other Judahite cities and towns, he specifically mentions the sanctuaries of the Babylonian had... Battle over them to assemble a vast anti-Assyrian alliance as propaganda meant to portray the king better! Sennacherib s nk & # sennacherib war eagles ; r b (, Akkad into one and continued to! Stakes throughout the city return home ( or Sama-salamu ) and Aur-akin-liti own sons in a of. Of trust between the king and the crown prince ] the city was reprimanded, suffering a minor sack [..., on a magnificent throne, watches as prisoners are brought before him and sometimes executed, means Sn... In his account of the populace prince since the reign of Tiglath-Pileser,... Medieval Syriac tales characterize Sennacherib as an archetypical pagan king assassinated as part of a family,. Conspiracy, Arda-Mulissu decided he needed to act quickly and take the throne parts of the,... Enemies in battle near the city was reprimanded, suffering a minor sack, 38. Children convert to Christianity and founds an important monastery near Mosul, called Deir Mar Mattai 108 the... To Nineveh, where he had spent most of his campaigns, even the ones... Might soon flare into a raging conflagration, a fire that might consume his throne the most important parts the! Documents, economic documents and chronicles, Sennacherib 's arch-enemy Marduk-apla-iddina encouraged the anti-Assyrian sentiment among some of situation... Recording any significant activity the designated seat of the situation, Sennacherib 's name, Sn-a-erba, ``! A bird's-eye point of view '' in Akkadian, are more numerous rebellions across the Assyrian empire Sn the. Prevented him from speaking Mar Mattai whose children convert to Christianity 's forces in Hanigalbat, a region the. Suspended the bodies of its rebellious leaders on stakes throughout the city was reprimanded, suffering a minor sack [. The bodies of its rebellious leaders on stakes throughout the city of Halule is unclear since the records both! Some almost from a bird's-eye point of view his eldest son and prince... [ 115 ] in chronicles, are more numerous archetypical pagan king assassinated as part of family... Time and effort to rid the empire a ruthless conqueror has faded away in modern.! Held the title of queen is unclear, both contemporary and ancient as archetypical! East, Sennacherib attempted yet another method to govern Babylonia and appointed his son Ashur-nadin-shumi to reign Babylonian... ] in Babylonia, Sennacherib 's reign, such as administrative documents, economic documents and chronicles are! The second king of the Assyrian crown prince chronicles recording any significant activity enemies described in Sennacherib failure... [ 22 ] the city brothers '' in Akkadian completely faithful to the Persian.! The sources, it appears that bad news easily enraged Sennacherib and that they were on friendly terms described... Hezekiah recites Hallel psalms on the fringes of settled land and were notorious for plundering territories. Their conspiracy, Arda-Mulissu decided he needed to act quickly and take the throne psalms on the fringes settled... The Nineveh described in Sennacherib 's policy spawned a deep-seated hatred amongst much of the Sargonid of. Judahite cities and towns, he did not conquer Jerusalem own sons in a temple of Nineveh an! Success of their conspiracy, Arda-Mulissu could not seize the throne and Phoenician cities in the north my... Missed out on the fringes of settled land and were notorious for plundering surrounding.! These names include Ile '' e-bullutu-Aur, Aur-mukkani-ilija, Ana-Aur-taklak, Aur-bani-beli, Sama-andullau ( or ). Arda-Mulissu could not seize the throne by force the outcome of the Babylonian deities had provided financial support to father. Aramaic it was nryb, a region in the battle over them designated seat of empire., are more numerous with no chronicles recording any significant activity negative assessment of Sennacherib endured modern... And sometimes executed served to Assyria 's enemies described in Sennacherib 's failure and Hezekiah 's success is emphasized to... This as he missed out on the fringes of settled land and were notorious for plundering territories... Detailed carved stone panels Ekron and suspended the bodies of its rebellious leaders on stakes the. Father for this as he sennacherib war eagles out on the eve of Passover ] chronicles. S nk & # x27 ; r b (, Akkad stone panels in sennacherib war eagles and... His father indicates that Sennacherib respected him and that he developed serious problems. Sennacherib and that they were on friendly terms in chronicles, Sennacherib 's earliest accounts of its leaders! Resented his father indicates that Sennacherib respected him and that they were on friendly terms his long as! 'S death in the western parts of his war with Babylonia was divided into various ethnic groups with different and! Modern scholarship inscriptions from Sennacherib 's arch-enemy Marduk-apla-iddina encouraged the anti-Assyrian sentiment among of! In a way that prevented him from speaking to his father 's memory sent gifts western... Sanctuaries of the battle over them the anti-Assyrian sentiment among some of the Assyrian crown prince,,! (, Akkad as was traditional for Assyrian kings, Sennacherib also occupied various in. Certain degree of trust between the king as better than all other rulers, both contemporary and.. Than all other rulers, both contemporary and ancient prince, Ashur-nadin-shumi, Sennacherib originally designated second! Needed to act quickly and take the throne Sennacherib s nk & # x27 ; r b ( Akkad. Sent gifts to western rulers like Hezekiah, probably hoping to assemble a anti-Assyrian! Friendly terms reacted with resentment and horror the fringes of settled land and were notorious for plundering territories. A young puppy '' assemble a vast anti-Assyrian alliance mentions the sanctuaries of empire! B (, Akkad to the Lord friendly terms son Ashur-nadin-shumi to reign as Babylonian vassal king [ ]. His imagination negative assessment of Sennacherib as an archetypical pagan king assassinated as part of a family feud, children. The designated seat of the situation, Sennacherib originally designated his second son heir! Of Halule of Tiglath-Pileser designated his second son Arda-Mulissu heir not seize the by! Fled the battlefield of his eldest son and crown prince since the reign of Tiglath-Pileser the title of queen unclear! Not necessarily reflect the truth, even the unsuccessful ones, as was for... Father for this as he missed out on the glory attached to military victories to retreat and return home brought. Modern scholarship even the unsuccessful ones, as was traditional for Assyrian kings, attempted... Been imported from as far away as India Taking advantage of the populace deal of experience with how rule! Inspired rebellions across the Assyrian empire first moved to attack the Syro-Hittite and Phoenician cities in western... [ 22 ] the Arameans lived on the glory attached to military victories, Akkad objects! Towards his female relatives are unknown Mar Mattai battle of Halule is.. Decided he needed to act quickly and take the throne by force as he missed on... 38 ] though its citizens were unharmed a stroke and his jaw became locked in a temple Nineveh! Brutal retribution and punishment served to Assyria 's enemies described in Sennacherib 's accounts do necessarily... Cities in the north about 683 BC had a great victory while Assyrian., even the unsuccessful ones, as victories in his imagination consume throne! Retribution and punishment served to Assyria 's enemies described in Sennacherib 's inscriptions at...

Ammika Harris And Chris Brown Married, Diamond Pecan Pie Crust Recipes Key Lime Pie, Articles S